PMC

(a) SEM image of the as-cast Fe₈₀Zr₁₀Cr₁₀ rod corresponding to casing in the Φ = 4 mm diameter mold. The SEM image being formed with back scattered electrons (BSE) the Laves phases have a contrast brighter than ferrite. (b) High magnification SEM view showing the Laves phase particles and the eutectic mixture (c) bright field (BF). TEM image of a Laves phase particle embedded in the eutectic mixture formed by alternate Laves phases and ferrite lamellae. Note that on BF TEM image the Laves phase has a contrast darker than ferrite due to a stronger diffraction effect.

Schematic evolution of the Laves phase.

TEM bright field (BF) images and the corresponding selection area diffraction patterns (SAD) of CrFeCoNiNb_x alloys: (a) the dendrite of CrFeCoNiNb_0.4 alloy, and the corresponding SAD taken from [001] of fcc phase; (b) the Laves phase in the interdendrite of CrFeCoNiNb_0.4 alloy, and the corresponding SAD taken from [43] of Laves phase; (c) the Laves phase in the dendrite of CrFeCoNiNb_0.6 alloy, and the corresponding SAD taken from [010] of Laves phase; and (d) the fcc phase in the interdendrite of CrFeCoNiNb_0.6 alloy, and the corresponding SAD taken from [011] of fcc phase.

Newly developed thermomechanical processing route of the HiperFer stainless steels with indicated Laves phase dissolution temperature T_DISS.